Is there a difference between lithium-ion capacitors and lithium-ion capacitor batteries?

Is there a difference between lithium-ion capacitors and lithium-ion capacitor batteries?

By combining battery type materials (based on the electrochemical intercalation of ions) and capacitor type materials (based on the physical adsorption and desorption of ions), the advantages of batteries and supercapacitors can be integrated to create hybrid devices of batteries and supercapacitors that combine high energy density and high power density. The concept of lithium-ion capacitors has been specifically proposed, while the academic community still retains the term battery supercapacitor. This type of asymmetric hybrid energy storage device has gradually become a research hotspot. The international academic community is gradually accepting the terms hybrid capacitors and lithium-ion capacitors. Although this asymmetric device has both battery and capacitor materials, its performance and working principle are closer to those of supercapacitors; The initial purpose of this type of device was to preserve the power characteristics of supercapacitors and improve energy density, thus it is considered a continuation of supercapacitors.

After solving the problem of addressing, let's take a look at the internal structure of common types of lithium-ion capacitors.

(a) Common rocking chair structures (LIBs) for lithium-ion batteries;

(b) Common symmetrical supercapacitor structures (EDLCs);

Next, according to the mechanism, lithium-ion capacitors are divided into four types (-: negative electrode;+: positive electrode):

(c) Electrochemical intercalation materials (-)//Physical adsorption desorption materials (+)

(d) Physical adsorption and desorption materials (-)//Electrochemical intercalation materials (+)

(e) Electrochemical intercalation materials (-)//Materials with mixed mechanisms of physical adsorption desorption and electrochemical intercalation (+)

(f) Graphite (-)//Graphite (+)

After lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) became a more common term, when extended to hybrid energy storage devices with other ions as active ions, people would default to XX ion capacitors, such as sodium ion capacitors, potassium ion capacitors, magnesium ion capacitors, aluminum ion capacitors, calcium ion capacitors, zinc ion capacitors, etc., and the term XX ion capacitor battery is rarely heard again.