Application of super capacitor in UPS

UPS often plays a decisive role in the first few seconds to minutes of power failure or instantaneous grid voltage collapse. The battery is required to supply power at this time. The shortcomings of the battery itself (requires regular protection, short life) make The UPS needs to detect the condition of the battery at all times during operation. In the backup system of data protection, the time required for UPS supply is relatively short, and most of the energy of the battery is not used. If a low-capacity battery is selected, it does not have a strong discharge capacity. From the perspective of short-term effects,The advantages of supercapacitors are particularly significant. Its output current rises to hundreds of amps or even thousands of amps with almost no delay, and it can be charged quickly.Supercapacitorscan complete energy storage in a very short time, so in the next power supply It can work when there is a fault. Although the energy storage of the supercapacitor is significantly lower than that of the battery, it can only be maintained for a short time, but when the energy storage release time is about 1min, it has an unparalleled advantage - with 500,000 cycles and ten years. No care is required, making UPS truly protection-free.

Uninterruptible power supplies are indispensable in many important parts of the factory (such as semiconductor manufacturing), and supercapacitors are a very ideal device in the design of system failures for short-term mode. Even a short-term power failure - small or large fluctuations in the mains power supply can lead to serious disturbances in the online system or serious damage to the active installation line. In the hospital, if the error occurs in the operating room, such a power failure may endanger. To a person's life, supercapacitors enable energy storage devices (such as accumulators or rechargeable batteries) to be filled with large-capacity electrolytic capacitors , which have a medium capacitance, making the power density between these two storage devices. This means that supercapacitors are suitable for UPS applications that require very high power in a short time. Its advantage is that it has the ability to release very high power in a short time (several seconds to 1min).

By adding a filter circuit between the input and output and connecting the battery to the circuit, the network interactive UPS can effectively avoid undervoltage, but the overvoltage that lasts for a long time will still affect the load.

Online UPS is the safest and most ideal solution, which completely frees the load from the grid. The sensitivity of the online UPS system is very important for highly critical loads (such as computers) and load-sensitive production systems.

Professional UPS systems (such as mainframe production) are very demanding, and even a very brief interruption can cause the entire system to collapse. In fact, similar rules can be found on UNIX systems and workstations. UNIX first stores all data in its memory before transferring data to the hard disk. This important data will be lost even in a short interruption. In fact, UNIX systems do not restart as easily as PCs, and this process takes a long time.

Therefore, the most critical moment is a 5s, and the most critical damage or consumption is 80%, which occurs in the production process, from data loss to damage or destruction, which occurs in the first 5s of power failure. Comparing common energy storage devices such as accumulators, battery packs or capacitors, it can be seen that they do not release the energy stored in them at the same rate, they have different power and energy densities.

Supercapacitors have low float charge current, easy charging, and high peak current.

Because float currents are very low at just a few milliamps, supercapacitors are ideal for UPS applications. The above features make them very suitable for online UPS systems.

In the simplest case, the supercapacitor is charged by a 2.5V DC constant voltage battery, and the charging voltage is not required to be smoothly lubricated. Generally, no charge current constraints are required. When the power supply fails, the output current of the supercapacitor rises to 400A with almost no delay within the specified time. Due to the very low internal resistance, they can be charged quickly, and the supercapacitor can complete the energy storage in a very short time, so It can work again in the next power failure.

In the future, it is more important to protect critical loads, because the stability of the power network cannot always be guaranteed, so with regard to short-circuits, transient breakdowns or faults caused by heavy loads during switching conditions, a robust and correspondingly fast UPS unit can be used. Prevent major damage in this case. Supercapacitors play an extremely important role in many systems, ensuring longevity, requiring no protection, and maximizing reliability. Based on these characteristics, conclusions are drawn. Today's UPS systems are often built on the basis of a combination of supercapacitors and batteries.